A base configuration file named struts-default.xml is included in the struts2.jar file. This file is automatically included into struts.xml file to provide the standard configuration settings without having to copy them.
The contents of struts-default.xml are here:
This file defines all of the default bundled results and interceptors
and many interceptor stacks which you can use either as-is or as a
basis for your own application-specific interceptor stacks. Notice the name of the package is "struts-default".
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struts-default.properties
All properties can also be set using Constant Configuration in an XML configuration file.
The framework uses a number of properties that can be changed to fit your needs. To change any of these properties, specify the property key and value in an struts.properties file. The properties file can be locate anywhere on the classpath, but it is typically found under /WEB-INF/class
The list of properties can be found in struts-default.properties (inside struts2.jar).
 | To exclude the struts-default.xml or to provide your own version, see the struts.configuration.files setting in struts.properties. |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!-- /* * $Id$ * * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file * distributed with this work for additional information * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, * software distributed under the License is distributed on an * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the * specific language governing permissions and limitations * under the License. */ --> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <bean class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory" name="xwork" /> <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory" name="struts" class="org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsObjectFactory" /> <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionProxyFactory" name="xwork" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionProxyFactory"/> <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionProxyFactory" name="struts" class="org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxyFactory"/> <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ObjectTypeDeterminer" name="tiger" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.GenericsObjectTypeDeterminer"/> <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ObjectTypeDeterminer" name="notiger" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer"/> <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ObjectTypeDeterminer" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer"/> <bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapper" name="struts" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.DefaultActionMapper" /> <bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapper" name="composite" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.CompositeActionMapper" /> <bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapper" name="restful" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.RestfulActionMapper" /> <bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.ActionMapper" name="restful2" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.Restful2ActionMapper" /> <bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.multipart.MultiPartRequest" name="struts" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.multipart.JakartaMultiPartRequest" scope="default" optional="true"/> <bean type="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.multipart.MultiPartRequest" name="jakarta" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.multipart.JakartaMultiPartRequest" scope="default" optional="true" /> <bean type="org.apache.struts2.views.TagLibrary" name="s" class="org.apache.struts2.views.DefaultTagLibrary" /> <bean class="org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerManager" name="struts" optional="true"/> <bean class="org.apache.struts2.views.velocity.VelocityManager" name="struts" optional="true" /> <bean class="org.apache.struts2.components.template.TemplateEngineManager" /> <bean type="org.apache.struts2.components.template.TemplateEngine" name="ftl" class="org.apache.struts2.components.template.FreemarkerTemplateEngine" /> <bean type="org.apache.struts2.components.template.TemplateEngine" name="vm" class="org.apache.struts2.components.template.VelocityTemplateEngine" /> <bean type="org.apache.struts2.components.template.TemplateEngine" name="jsp" class="org.apache.struts2.components.template.JspTemplateEngine" /> <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.XWorkConverter" name="xwork1" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.XWorkConverter" /> <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.XWorkConverter" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.AnnotationXWorkConverter" /> <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.TextProvider" name="xwork1" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.TextProviderSupport" /> <bean type="com.opensymphony.xwork2.TextProvider" name="struts" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.TextProviderSupport" /> <bean type="org.apache.struts2.components.UrlRenderer" name="struts" class="org.apache.struts2.components.ServletUrlRenderer"/> <!-- Only have static injections --> <bean class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory" static="true" /> <bean class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.XWorkConverter" static="true" /> <bean class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.OgnlValueStack" static="true" /> <bean class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher" static="true" /> <bean class="org.apache.struts2.components.Include" static="true" /> <bean class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher" static="true" /> <bean class="org.apache.struts2.views.util.ContextUtil" static="true" /> <bean class="org.apache.struts2.views.util.UrlHelper" static="true" /> <package name="struts-default" abstract="true"> <result-types> <result-type name="chain" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionChainResult"/> <result-type name="dispatcher" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletDispatcherResult" default="true"/> <result-type name="freemarker" class="org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerResult"/> <result-type name="httpheader" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.HttpHeaderResult"/> <result-type name="redirect" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletRedirectResult"/> <result-type name="redirectAction" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletActionRedirectResult"/> <result-type name="stream" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.StreamResult"/> <result-type name="velocity" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.VelocityResult"/> <result-type name="xslt" class="org.apache.struts2.views.xslt.XSLTResult"/> <result-type name="plainText" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.PlainTextResult" /> </result-types> <interceptors> <interceptor name="alias" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AliasInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="autowiring" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.spring.interceptor.ActionAutowiringInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="chain" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ChainingInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="conversionError" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.StrutsConversionErrorInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="createSession" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CreateSessionInterceptor" /> <interceptor name="debugging" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.debugging.DebuggingInterceptor" /> <interceptor name="externalRef" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ExternalReferencesInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="execAndWait" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ExecuteAndWaitInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="exception" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ExceptionMappingInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="fileUpload" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.FileUploadInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="i18n" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.I18nInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="logger" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.LoggingInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="modelDriven" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ModelDrivenInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="scopedModelDriven" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="params" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="prepare" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.PrepareInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="staticParams" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.StaticParametersInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="scope" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ScopeInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="servletConfig" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletConfigInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="sessionAutowiring" class="org.apache.struts2.spring.interceptor.SessionContextAutowiringInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="timer" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.TimerInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="token" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.TokenInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="tokenSession" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.TokenSessionStoreInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="validation" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.validation.AnnotationValidationInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="workflow" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.DefaultWorkflowInterceptor"/> <interceptor name="store" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.MessageStoreInterceptor" /> <interceptor name="checkbox" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CheckboxInterceptor" /> <interceptor name="profiling" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ProfilingActivationInterceptor" /> <interceptor name="roles" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.RolesInterceptor" /> <interceptor name="jsonValidation" class="org.apache.struts2.interceptor.validation.JSONValidationInterceptor" /> <interceptor name="annotationWorkflow" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.annotations.AnnotationWorkflowInterceptor" /> <!-- Basic stack --> <interceptor-stack name="basicStack"> <interceptor-ref name="exception"/> <interceptor-ref name="servletConfig"/> <interceptor-ref name="prepare"/> <interceptor-ref name="checkbox"/> <interceptor-ref name="params"/> <interceptor-ref name="conversionError"/> </interceptor-stack> <!-- Sample validation and workflow stack --> <interceptor-stack name="validationWorkflowStack"> <interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/> <interceptor-ref name="validation"/> <interceptor-ref name="workflow"/> </interceptor-stack> <!-- Sample JSON validation stack --> <interceptor-stack name="jsonValidationWorkflowStack"> <interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/> <interceptor-ref name="validation"> <param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel</param> </interceptor-ref> <interceptor-ref name="jsonValidation"/> <interceptor-ref name="workflow"/> </interceptor-stack> <!-- Sample file upload stack --> <interceptor-stack name="fileUploadStack"> <interceptor-ref name="fileUpload"/> <interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/> </interceptor-stack> <!-- Sample model-driven stack --> <interceptor-stack name="modelDrivenStack"> <interceptor-ref name="modelDriven"/> <interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/> </interceptor-stack> <!-- Sample action chaining stack --> <interceptor-stack name="chainStack"> <interceptor-ref name="chain"/> <interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/> </interceptor-stack> <!-- Sample i18n stack --> <interceptor-stack name="i18nStack"> <interceptor-ref name="i18n"/> <interceptor-ref name="basicStack"/> </interceptor-stack> <!-- An example of the params-prepare-params trick. This stack is exactly the same as the defaultStack, except that it includes one extra interceptor before the prepare interceptor: the params interceptor. This is useful for when you wish to apply parameters directly to an object that you wish to load externally (such as a DAO or database or service layer), but can't load that object until at least the ID parameter has been loaded. By loading the parameters twice, you can retrieve the object in the prepare() method, allowing the second params interceptor to apply the values on the object. --> <interceptor-stack name="paramsPrepareParamsStack"> <interceptor-ref name="exception"/> <interceptor-ref name="alias"/> <interceptor-ref name="params"/> <interceptor-ref name="servletConfig"/> <interceptor-ref name="prepare"/> <interceptor-ref name="i18n"/> <interceptor-ref name="chain"/> <interceptor-ref name="modelDriven"/> <interceptor-ref name="fileUpload"/> <interceptor-ref name="checkbox"/> <interceptor-ref name="staticParams"/> <interceptor-ref name="params"/> <interceptor-ref name="conversionError"/> <interceptor-ref name="validation"> <param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel</param> </interceptor-ref> <interceptor-ref name="workflow"> <param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel</param> </interceptor-ref> </interceptor-stack> <!-- A complete stack with all the common interceptors in place. Generally, this stack should be the one you use, though it may do more than you need. Also, the ordering can be switched around (ex: if you wish to have your servlet-related objects applied before prepare() is called, you'd need to move servlet-config interceptor up. This stack also excludes from the normal validation and workflow the method names input, back, and cancel. These typically are associated with requests that should not be validated. --> <interceptor-stack name="defaultStack"> <interceptor-ref name="exception"/> <interceptor-ref name="alias"/> <interceptor-ref name="servletConfig"/> <interceptor-ref name="prepare"/> <interceptor-ref name="i18n"/> <interceptor-ref name="chain"/> <interceptor-ref name="debugging"/> <interceptor-ref name="profiling"/> <interceptor-ref name="scopedModelDriven"/> <interceptor-ref name="modelDriven"/> <interceptor-ref name="fileUpload"/> <interceptor-ref name="checkbox"/> <interceptor-ref name="staticParams"/> <interceptor-ref name="params"> <param name="excludeParams">dojo\..*</param> </interceptor-ref> <interceptor-ref name="conversionError"/> <interceptor-ref name="validation"> <param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel,browse</param> </interceptor-ref> <interceptor-ref name="workflow"> <param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel,browse</param> </interceptor-ref> </interceptor-stack> <!-- The completeStack is here for backwards compatibility for applications that still refer to the defaultStack by the old name --> <interceptor-stack name="completeStack"> <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"/> </interceptor-stack> <!-- Sample execute and wait stack. Note: execAndWait should always be the *last* interceptor. --> <interceptor-stack name="executeAndWaitStack"> <interceptor-ref name="execAndWait"> <param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel</param> </interceptor-ref> <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"/> <interceptor-ref name="execAndWait"> <param name="excludeMethods">input,back,cancel</param> </interceptor-ref> </interceptor-stack> </interceptors> <default-interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"/> </package> </struts>
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struts-default.properties
All properties can also be set using Constant Configuration in an XML configuration file.
The framework uses a number of properties that can be changed to fit your needs. To change any of these properties, specify the property key and value in an struts.properties file. The properties file can be locate anywhere on the classpath, but it is typically found under /WEB-INF/class
The list of properties can be found in struts-default.properties (inside struts2.jar).
struts-default.properties
### Struts default properties
###(can be overridden by a struts.properties file in the root of the classpath)
###
### Specifies the Configuration used to configure Struts
### one could extend org.apache.struts2.config.Configuration
### to build one's customize way of getting the configurations parameters into Struts
# struts.configuration=org.apache.struts2.config.DefaultConfiguration
### This can be used to set your default locale and encoding scheme
# struts.locale=en_US
struts.i18n.encoding=UTF-8
### if specified, the default object factory can be overridden here
### Note: short-hand notation is supported in some cases, such as "spring"
### Alternatively, you can provide a com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory subclass name here
# struts.objectFactory = spring
### specifies the autoWiring logic when using the SpringObjectFactory.
### valid values are: name, type, auto, and constructor (name is the default)
struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire = name
### indicates to the struts-spring integration if Class instances should be cached
### this should, until a future Spring release makes it possible, be left as true
### unless you know exactly what you are doing!
### valid values are: true, false (true is the default)
struts.objectFactory.spring.useClassCache = true
### if specified, the default object type determiner can be overridden here
### Note: short-hand notation is supported in some cases, such as "tiger" or "notiger"
### Alternatively, you can provide a com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ObjectTypeDeterminer implementation name here
### Note: By default, com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer is used which handles type detection
### using generics. com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.GenericsObjectTypeDeterminer was deprecated since XWork 2, it's
### functions are integrated in DefaultObjectTypeDeterminer now.
### To disable tiger support use the "notiger" property value here.
#struts.objectTypeDeterminer = tiger
#struts.objectTypeDeterminer = notiger
### Parser to handle HTTP POST requests, encoded using the MIME-type multipart/form-data
# struts.multipart.parser=cos
# struts.multipart.parser=pell
struts.multipart.parser=jakarta
# uses javax.servlet.context.tempdir by default
struts.multipart.saveDir=
struts.multipart.maxSize=2097152
### Load custom property files (does not override struts.properties!)
# struts.custom.properties=application,org/apache/struts2/extension/custom
### How request URLs are mapped to and from actions
#struts.mapper.class=org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.DefaultActionMapper
### Used by the DefaultActionMapper
### You may provide a comma separated list, e.g. struts.action.extension=action,jnlp,do
struts.action.extension=action
### Used by FilterDispatcher
### If true then Struts serves static content from inside its jar.
### If false then the static content must be available at <context_path>/struts
struts.serve.static=true
### Used by FilterDispatcher
### This is good for development where one wants changes to the static content be
### fetch on each request.
### NOTE: This will only have effect if struts.serve.static=true
### If true -> Struts will write out header for static contents such that they will
### be cached by web browsers (using Date, Cache-Content, Pragma, Expires)
### headers).
### If false -> Struts will write out header for static contents such that they are
### NOT to be cached by web browser (using Cache-Content, Pragma, Expires
### headers)
struts.serve.static.browserCache=true
### Set this to false if you wish to disable implicit dynamic method invocation
### via the URL request. This includes URLs like foo!bar.action, as well as params
### like method:bar (but not action:foo).
### An alternative to implicit dynamic method invocation is to use wildcard
### mappings, such as <action name="*/*" method="{2}" class="actions.{1}">
struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation = true
### Set this to true if you wish to allow slashes in your action names. If false,
### Actions names cannot have slashes, and will be accessible via any directory
### prefix. This is the traditional behavior expected of WebWork applications.
### Setting to true is useful when you want to use wildcards and store values
### in the URL, to be extracted by wildcard patterns, such as
### <action name="*/*" method="{2}" class="actions.{1}"> to match "/foo/edit" or
### "/foo/save".
struts.enable.SlashesInActionNames = false
### use alternative syntax that requires %{} in most places
### to evaluate expressions for String attributes for tags
struts.tag.altSyntax=true
### when set to true, Struts will act much more friendly for developers. This
### includes:
### - struts.i18n.reload = true
### - struts.configuration.xml.reload = true
### - raising various debug or ignorable problems to errors
### For example: normally a request to foo.action?someUnknownField=true should
### be ignored (given that any value can come from the web and it
### should not be trusted). However, during development, it may be
### useful to know when these errors are happening and be told of
### them right away.
struts.devMode = false
### when set to true, resource bundles will be reloaded on _every_ request.
### this is good during development, but should never be used in production
struts.i18n.reload=false
### Standard UI theme
### Change this to reflect which path should be used for JSP control tag templates by default
struts.ui.theme=xhtml
struts.ui.templateDir=template
#sets the default template type. Either ftl, vm, or jsp
struts.ui.templateSuffix=ftl
### Configuration reloading
### This will cause the configuration to reload struts.xml when it is changed
struts.configuration.xml.reload=false
### Location of velocity.properties file. defaults to velocity.properties
struts.velocity.configfile = velocity.properties
### Comma separated list of VelocityContext classnames to chain to the StrutsVelocityContext
struts.velocity.contexts =
### Location of the velocity toolbox
struts.velocity.toolboxlocation=
### used to build URLs, such as the UrlTag
struts.url.http.port = 80
struts.url.https.port = 443
### possible values are: none, get or all
struts.url.includeParams = get
### Load custom default resource bundles
# struts.custom.i18n.resources=testmessages,testmessages2
### workaround for some app servers that don't handle HttpServletRequest.getParameterMap()
### often used for WebLogic, Orion, and OC4J
struts.dispatcher.parametersWorkaround = false
### configure the Freemarker Manager class to be used
### Allows user to plug-in customised Freemarker Manager if necessary
### MUST extends off org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerManager
#struts.freemarker.manager.classname=org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerManager
### Enables caching of FreeMarker templates
### Has the same effect as copying the templates under WEB_APP/templates
struts.freemarker.templatesCache=false
### Enables caching of models on the BeanWrapper
struts.freemarker.beanwrapperCache=false
### See the StrutsBeanWrapper javadocs for more information
struts.freemarker.wrapper.altMap=true
### configure the XSLTResult class to use stylesheet caching.
### Set to true for developers and false for production.
struts.xslt.nocache=false
### A list of configuration files automatically loaded by Struts
struts.configuration.files=struts-default.xml,struts-plugin.xml,struts.xml
### Whether to always select the namespace to be everything before the last slash or not
struts.mapper.alwaysSelectFullNamespace=false
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